本文实例讲述了Yii2的XSS攻击防范策略。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
XSS 漏洞修复
原则: 不相信客户输入的数据
注意: 攻击代码不一定在 script /script 中
① 将重要的cookie标记为http only, 这样的话Javascript 中的document.cookie语句就不能获取到cookie了.
② 只允许用户输入我们期望的数据。 例如: 年龄的textbox中,只允许用户输入数字。 而数字之外的字符都过滤掉。
③ 对数据进行Html Encode 处理
④ 过滤或移除特殊的Html标签, 例如: script, iframe , for , for , quot for
⑤ 过滤JavaScript 事件的标签。例如 quot;, onfocus 等等。
Yii中的XSS防范
?php echo CHtml::encode($user- name) ?
此方法的源码:
/*** Encodes special characters into HTML entities.* The [[/yii/base/Application::charset|application charset]] will be used for encoding.* @param string $content the content to be encoded* @param boolean $doubleEncode whether to encode HTML entities in `$content`. If false,* HTML entities in `$content` will not be further encoded.* @return string the encoded content* @see decode()* @see http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.htmlspecialchars.phppublic static function encode($content, $doubleEncode = true) return htmlspecialchars($content, ENT_QUOTES | ENT_SUBSTITUTE, Yii::$app- charset, $doubleEncode);}
htmlspecialchars htmlentities urlencode 三者的区别:
http://php.net/manual/zh/function.htmlspecialchars.php
http://php.net/manual/zh/function.htmlentities.php
http://cn2.php.net/manual/zh/function.urlencode.php
Available flags constants
Constant Name Description
ENT_COMPAT Will convert double-quotes and leave single-quotes alone.
ENT_QUOTES Will convert both double and single quotes.
ENT_NOQUOTES Will leave both double and single quotes unconverted.
ENT_IGNORE Silently discard invalid code unit sequences instead of returning an empty string. Using this flag is discouraged as it ? may have security implications.
ENT_SUBSTITUTE Replace invalid code unit sequences with a Unicode Replacement Character U+FFFD (UTF-8) or FFFD; (otherwise) instead of returning an empty string.
ENT_DISALLOWED Replace invalid code points for the given document type with a Unicode Replacement Character U+FFFD (UTF-8) or FFFD; (otherwise) instead of leaving them as is. This may be useful, for instance, to ensure the well-formedness of XML documents with embedded external content.
ENT_HTML401 Handle code as HTML 4.01.
ENT_XML1 Handle code as XML 1.
ENT_XHTML Handle code as XHTML.
ENT_HTML5 Handle code as HTML 5.
htmlspecialchars
Convert special characters to HTML entities
string htmlspecialchars ( string $string [, int $flags = ENT_COMPAT | ENT_HTML401 [, string $encoding = ini_get( default_charset ) [, bool $double_encode = true ])
The translations performed are:
(ampersand) becomes
(double quote) becomes when ENT_NOQUOTES is not set.
(single quote) becomes (or ) only when ENT_QUOTES is set.
(less than) becomes
(greater than) becomes
?php$new = htmlspecialchars( a href= test Test /a , ENT_QUOTES);echo $new; // a href= test Test /a ?
htmlentities
Convert all applicable characters to HTML entities
string htmlentities ( string $string [, int $flags = ENT_COMPAT | ENT_HTML401 [, string $encoding = ini_get( default_charset ) [, bool $double_encode = true ])
?php$str = A quote is b bold /b // Outputs: A quote is b bold /b echo htmlentities($str);// Outputs: A quote is b bold /b echo htmlentities($str, ENT_QUOTES);?
urlencode
URL 编码是为了符合url的规范。因为在标准的url规范中中文和很多的字符是不允许出现在url中的。
例如在baidu中搜索 测试汉字 。 URL会变成
http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=%B2%E2%CA%D4%BA%BA%D7%D6 rsv_bp=0 rsv_spt=3 inputT=7477
所谓URL编码就是: 把所有非字母数字字符都将被替换成百分号(%)后跟两位十六进制数,空格则编码为加号(+)
此字符串中除了 -_. 之外的所有非字母数字字符都将被替换成百分号(%)后跟两位十六进制数,空格则编码为加号(+)。此编码与 WWW 表单 POST 数据的编码方式是一样的,同时与 application/x-www-form-urlencoded 的媒体类型编码方式一样。由于历史原因,此编码在将空格编码为加号(+)方面与 RFC1738 编码(参见 rawurlencode())不同。
?phpecho a href= mycgi?foo= , urlencode($userinput), ?
?php$query_string = foo= . urlencode($foo) . bar= . urlencode($bar);echo a href= mycgi? . htmlentities($query_string) . ?
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