如何使用PHP Embed SAPI实现Opcodes查看器

2020-03-22 18:34:33

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PHP提供了一个Embed SAPI，也就是说，PHP容许你在C/C++语言中调用PHP/ZE提供的函数。本文就通过基于Embed SAPI实现一个PHP的opcodes查看器。
首先，下载PHP源码以供编译，我现在使用的是PHP5.3 alpha2
进入源码目录：./configure --enable-embed --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-mysql --with-config-file-path=/etc/
./make
./make install最后，记得要将生成的libphp5.so复制到运行时库的目录，我直接拷贝到了/lib/, 否则会在运行你自己的embed程序的时候报错：./embed: error while loading shared libraries: libphp5.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory如果你对PHP的SAPI还不熟悉的话，我建议你看看我的这篇文章：深入理解Zend SAPIs(Zend SAPI Internals)
这个时候，你就可以在你的C代码中，嵌入PHP脚本解析器了，我的例子：#include "sapi/embed/php_embed.h"int main(int argc, char * argv[]){ PHP_EMBED_START_BLOCK(argc,argv); char * script = " print 'Hello World!';"; zend_eval_string(script, NULL, "Simple Hello World App" TSRMLS_CC); PHP_EMBED_END_BLOCK(); return 0;}然后就是要指明include path了，一个简单的MakefileCC = gccCFLAGS = -I/usr/local/include/php/ / -I/usr/local/include/php/main / -I/usr/local/include/php/Zend / -I/usr/local/include/php/TSRM / -Wall -gLDFLAGS = -lstdc++ -L/usr/local/lib -lphp5 $(CC) -o embed embed.cpp $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS)编译成功以后，运行，我们可以看到， stdout输出 Hello World！基于这个，我们就可以很容易的实现一个类似于vld的Opcodes dumper：
首先我们定义opcode的转换函数（全部的opcodes可以查看Zend/zend_vm_opcodes.h）；char *opname(zend_uchar opcode){ switch(opcode) { case ZEND_NOP: return "ZEND_NOP"; break; case ZEND_ADD: return "ZEND_ADD"; break; case ZEND_SUB: return "ZEND_SUB"; break; case ZEND_MUL: return "ZEND_MUL"; break; case ZEND_DIV: return "ZEND_DIV"; break; case ZEND_MOD: return "ZEND_MOD"; break; case ZEND_SL: return "ZEND_SL"; break; case ZEND_SR: return "ZEND_SR"; break; case ZEND_CONCAT: return "ZEND_CONCAT"; break; case ZEND_BW_OR: return "ZEND_BW_OR"; break; case ZEND_BW_AND: return "ZEND_BW_AND"; break; case ZEND_BW_XOR: return "ZEND_BW_XOR"; break; case ZEND_BW_NOT: return "ZEND_BW_NOT"; break; /*...省略 ....*/ default : return "UNKNOW"; break;然后定义zval和znode的输出函数： char *format_zval(zval *z) html' target='_blank'>static char buffer[BUFFER_LEN]; int len; switch(z- type) { case IS_NULL: return "NULL"; case IS_LONG: case IS_BOOL: snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_LEN, "%d", z- value.lval); return buffer; case IS_DOUBLE: snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_LEN, "%f", z- value.dval); return buffer; case IS_STRING: snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_LEN, "/"%s/"", z- value.str.val); return buffer; case IS_ARRAY: case IS_OBJECT: case IS_RESOURCE: case IS_CONSTANT: case IS_CONSTANT_ARRAY: return ""; default: return "unknown";char * format_znode(znode *n){ static char buffer[BUFFER_LEN]; switch (n- op_type) { case IS_CONST: return format_zval( u.constant); break; case IS_VAR: snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_LEN, "$%d", n- u.var/sizeof(temp_variable)); return buffer; break; case IS_TMP_VAR: snprintf(buffer, BUFFER_LEN, "~%d", n- u.var/sizeof(temp_variable)); return buffer; break; default: return ""; break;}然后定义op_array的输出函数：void dump_op(zend_op *op, int num){ printf("%5d %5d %30s %040s %040s %040s/n", num, op- lineno, opname(op- opcode), format_znode( op1), format_znode( op2), format_znode( result)) ;void dump_op_array(zend_op_array *op_array){ if(op_array) { int i; printf("%5s %5s %30s %040s %040s %040s/n", "opnum", "line", "opcode", "op1", "op2", "result"); for(i = 0; i op_array- last; i++) { dump_op(&op_array- opcodes[i], i);最后，就是程序的主函数了：int main(int argc, char **argv){ zend_op_array *op_array; zend_file_handle file_handle; if(argc != 2) { printf("usage: op_dumper script /n"); return 1; PHP_EMBED_START_BLOCK(argc,argv); printf("Script: %s/n", argv[1]); file_handle.filename = argv[1]; file_handle.free_filename = 0; file_handle.type = ZEND_HANDLE_FILENAME; file_handle.opened_path = NULL; op_array = zend_compile_file(&file_handle, ZEND_INCLUDE TSRMLS_CC); if(!op_array) { printf("Error parsing script: %s/n", file_handle.filename); return 1; dump_op_array(op_array); PHP_EMBED_END_BLOCK(); return 0;编译，运行测试脚本(sample.php):深入理解PHP原理之Opcodes）：Script: sample.php
opnum line opcode op1 op2 result
0 2 ZEND_ECHO "laruence"
1 4 ZEND_RETURN 1呵呵，怎么样，是不是很好玩呢？PHP教程

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