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perl Socket编程代码详细解析

2020-02-23 19:47:32
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  今天小编跟大家分享一篇perl Socket编程代码详细解析,感兴趣的朋友跟小编一起来了解一下吧!

  在networking方面,最基础的是BSD socket编程,但往往perl入门时在这个方面,最头疼的无疑是如何开始,如何Step by step。最好的药方就是Example,一段完整的可以运行(working)的代码,通过实践来感受远比看枯燥的manual来得深刻。

  以下给出几段使用Socket及IO::Socket编写的Server/client,他们能实现最简单但是却最基本的任务,包括一个forking/accept的模型。可以直接复制这些代码,然后小加修改即可开发一些小型的tcp/udp应用了。

  TCP 客户端, Socket 模块

  简介:实现从服务器端读取一行信息然后返回

  复制代码 代码如下:

  #!/usr/bin/perl -w

  # tcp_socket_cli.pl

  use strict;

  use Socket;

  my $addr = $ARGV[0] || '127.0.0.1';

  my $port = $ARGV[1] || '3000';

  my $dest = sockaddr_in($port, inet_aton($addr));

  my $buf = undef;

  socket(SOCK,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,6) or die "Can't create socket: $!";

  connect(SOCK,$dest) or die "Can't connect: $!";

  my $bs = sysread(SOCK, $buf, 2048); # try to read 2048

  print "Received $bs bytes, content $buf/n"; # actually get $bs bytes

  close SOCK;

  执行结果:

  perl tcp_socket_cli.pl localhost 25

  Received 41 bytes, content 220 ESMTP Postfix - ExtMail 0.12-hzqbbc

  TCP 服务端 Socket模块, forking/accept模型

  简介:一个多进程的TCP服务器,sample中实现了daytime的功能

  复制代码 代码如下:

  #!/usr/bin/perl -w

  # tcp_socket_dt_srv.pl

  use strict;

  use Socket;

  use IO::Handle;

  use POSIX qw(WNOHANG);

  my $port = $ARGV[0] || '3000';

  my $proto = getprotobyname('tcp');

  $SIG{'CHLD'} = sub {

  while((my $pid = waitpid(-1, WNOHANG)) >0) {

  print "Reaped child $pid/n";

  }

  };

  socket(SOCK, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, getprotobyname('tcp'))

  or die "socket() failed: $!";

  setsockopt(SOCK,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,1)

  or die "Can't set SO_REUSADDR: $!" ;

  my $my_addr = sockaddr_in($port,INADDR_ANY);

  bind(SOCK,$my_addr) or die "bind() failed: $!";

  listen(SOCK,SOMAXCONN) or die "listen() failed: $!";

  warn "Starting server on port $port.../n";

  while (1) {

  next unless my $remote_addr = accept(SESSION,SOCK);

  defined(my $pid=fork) or die "Can't fork: $!/n";

  if($pid==0) {

  my ($port,$hisaddr) = sockaddr_in($remote_addr);

  warn "Connection from [",inet_ntoa($hisaddr),",$port]/n";

  SESSION->autoflush(1);

  print SESSION (my $s = localtime);

  warn "Connection from [",inet_ntoa($hisaddr),",$port] finished/n";

  close SESSION;

  exit 0;

  }else {

  print "Forking child $pid/n";

  }

  }

  close SOCK;

  利用上述tcp_socket_cli.pl访问该server的执行结果:

  [hzqbbc@local misc]$ perl tcp_socket_dt_srv.pl

  Starting server on port 3000...

  Connection from [127.0.0.1,32888]

  Connection from [127.0.0.1,32888] finished

  Reaped child 13927

  Forking child 13927

  TCP 客户端 ,IO::Sockiet模块

  简介:同样为客户端,不过使用的是IO::Socket 面向对象模块

  复制代码 代码如下:

  #!/usr/bin/perl -w

  # tcp_iosocket_cli.pl

  use strict;

  use IO::Socket;

  my $addr = $ARGV[0] || '127.0.0.1';

  my $port = $ARGV[1] || '3000';

  my $buf = undef;

  my $sock = IO::Socket::INET->new(

  PeerAddr => $addr,

  PeerPort => $port,

  Proto => 'tcp')

  or die "Can't connect: $!/n";

  $buf = ;

  my $bs = length($buf);

  print "Received $bs bytes, content $buf/n"; # actually get $bs bytes

  close $sock;

  TCP 服务端, IO::Socket模块, forking/accept模型

  简介:同样的一个daytime

  服务器,使用IO::Socket重写。

  复制代码 代码如下:

  #!/usr/bin/perl

  # tcp_iosocket_dt_srv.pl

  use strict;

  use IO::Socket;

  use POSIX qw(WNOHANG);

  $SIG = sub {

  while((my $pid = waitpid(-1, WNOHANG)) >0) {

  print "Reaped child $pid/n";

  }

  };

  my $port = $ARGV[0] || '3000';

  my $sock = IO::Socket::INET->new( Listen => 20,

  LocalPort => $port,

  Timeout => 60*1,

  Reuse => 1)

  or die "Can't create listening socket: $!/n";

  warn "Starting server on port $port.../n";

  while (1) {

  next unless my $session = $sock->accept;

  defined (my $pid = fork) or die "Can't fork: $!/n";

  if($pid == 0) {

  my $peer = gethostbyaddr($session->peeraddr,AF_INET) || $session->peerhost;

  my $port = $session->peerport;

  warn "Connection from [$peer,$port]/n";

  $session->autoflush(1);

  print $session (my $s = localtime), "/n";

  warn "Connection from [$peer,$port] finished/n";

  close $session;

  exit 0;

  }else {

  print "Forking child $pid/n";

  }

  }

  close $sock;

  现在再介绍使用Socket及IO::Socket模块来进行Unix domain Socket的client/server开发。Unix Domain Socket(简称unix socket)和TCP/UDP等INET类型socket相比起来有几个优点:

  1)、安全性高,unix socket只在单机环境中使用,不支持机器之间通信

  2)、效率高,执行时的速度约是TCP的两倍,多用于操作系统内部通信(IPC)

  3)、支持SOCK_DGRAM,但和UDP不同,前后消息是严格有序的

  因此使用Unix socket来设计单机的IPC应用是首选。非常实用。大量的Unix应用软件都使用unix socket来进行程序间通信。

  Unix Domain Socket客户端, Socket模块

  简介:使用Unix domain socket的客户端。

  复制代码 代码如下:

  #!/usr/bin/perl -w

  use strict;

  use Socket;

  use IO::Handle;

  my $path = $ARGV[0] || '/tmp/daytime.sock';

  socket(my $sock, PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);

  my $sun = sockaddr_un($path);

  connect($sock, $sun) or die "Connect: $!/n";

  $sock->autoflush(1);

  my $buf = ;

  my $bs = length($buf);

  print "Received $bs bytes, content $buf/n";

  close $sock;

  Unix Domain Socket 服务端, Socket模块

  简介:使用Unix domain socket实现的daytime服务器。

  复制代码 代码如下:

  #!/usr/bin/perl -w

  # tcp_socket_dt_srv.pl

  use strict;

  use Socket;

  use IO::Handle;

  use POSIX qw(WNOHANG);

  my $path = $ARGV[0] || '/tmp/daytime.sock';

  $SIG{'CHLD'} = sub {

  while((my $pid = waitpid(-1, WNOHANG)) >0) {

  print "Reaped child $pid/n";

  }

  };

  socket(SOCK, PF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0)

  or die "socket() failed: $!";

  setsockopt(SOCK,SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,1)

  or die "Can't set SO_REUSADDR: $!" ;

  unlink $path if -r $path;

  bind(SOCK,sockaddr_un($path)) or die "bind() failed: $!";

  listen(SOCK,SOMAXCONN) or die "listen() failed: $!";

  warn "Starting server on path $path.../n";

  while (1) {

  next unless my $sockname = accept(SESSION,SOCK);

  defined (my $pid=fork) or die "Can't fork: $!/n";

  if($pid==0) {

  SESSION->autoflush(1);

  print SESSION (my $s = localtime);

  close SESSION;

  exit 0;

  }else {

  print "Forking child $pid/n";

  }

  }

  close SOCK;

  以上就是perl Socket编程代码详细解析,想必都了解了吧,更多相关内容请继续关注武林技术频道。

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