[iOS基础控件-7.0]UIWebView

2019-11-14 19:35:58

字体：大中小

来源：转载

供稿：网友

A.基本使用

1.概念

iOS内置的浏览器控件

Safari浏览器就是通过UIWebView实现的

2.用途：制作简易浏览器

（1）基本请求

创建请求

加载请求

（2）代理监听webView加载，例如提示正在加载

（3）前进、后退

使用NavigationController，在底部加上导航栏（勾选showToolBar），加上回退和前进按钮

（4）给顶部导航栏加上地址栏

UISearchBar

代理监听“搜索”按钮，提取地址栏文本

 1 // 2 //  ViewController.m 3 //  UIWebViewdDemo 4 // 5 //  Created by hellovoidworld on 15/1/30. 6 //  Copyright (c) 2015年 hellovoidworld. All rights reserved. 7 // 8  9 #import "ViewController.h"10 11 @interface ViewController () <UISearchBarDelegate, UIWebViewDelegate>12 13 @PRoperty (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIWebView *webView;14 15 @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIBarButtonItem *backButton;16 @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIBarButtonItem *forwardButton;17 - (IBAction)back:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender;18 - (IBAction)forward:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender;19 20 @end21 22 @implementation ViewController23 24 - (void)viewDidLoad {25     [super viewDidLoad];26     // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.27    28     // 创建一个搜索栏29     UISearchBar *searchBar = [[UISearchBar alloc] init];30     searchBar.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 300, 40);31     searchBar.delegate = self;32    33     self.navigationItem.titleView = searchBar;34    35     self.webView.delegate = self;36 }37 38 39 40 - (IBAction)back:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender {41     NSLog(@"后退");42     [self.webView goBack];43 }44 45 - (IBAction)forward:(UIBarButtonItem *)sender {46     NSLog(@"前进");47     [self.webView goForward];48 }49 50 #pragma mark - UIWebViewDelegate51 - (void)webViewDidStartLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {52     NSLog(@"开始加载");53 }54 55 - (void)webViewDidFinishLoad:(UIWebView *)webView {56     NSLog(@"完成加载");57 58     // 设置后退、前进按钮59     if ([self.webView canGoBack]) {60         self.backButton.enabled = YES;61     } else {62         self.backButton.enabled = NO;63     }64    65     if ([self.webView canGoForward]) {66         self.forwardButton.enabled = YES;67     } else {68         self.forwardButton.enabled = NO;69     }70 }71 72 #pragma mark - UISearchBarDelegate73 /** 点击搜索按钮（虚拟键盘上) */74 - (void)searchBarSearchButtonClicked:(UISearchBar *)searchBar {75     NSString *str = searchBar.text;76     NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://%@", str]];77     NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];78    79     [self.webView loadRequest:request];80 }81  82 @end

3.加载本地资源

html、txt、doc、PPT、MP4、pdf

直接请求即可

4.自动识别电话、邮箱、地址

// 识别所有类型的数据

self.webView.dataDetectorTypes = UIDataDetectorTypeAll;

B.其他用途

1.OC执行javascript

1 /** 运行js代码 */2 - (IBAction)runJs {3     NSString *str = @"alert('hello, world!');";4     [self.webView stringByEvaluatingJavascriptFromString:str];5 }

2.javascript调用OC

在javascript中发送网页请求，使用OC截取，根据内容判断调用相应方法

这里使用js代码呼出相册选择:

网页 & js 代码：

 1 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 2     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 3 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 4 <html> 5 <head> 6 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 7 <title>运行OC代码</title> 8 </head> 9 <body>10  11      <script type="text/javascript">12           function runOC() {13                window.location.href="ios://openAlbum";14           }15      </script>16  17      <input type="button" value="运行OC代码" onclick="runOC();" />18    19 </body>20 </html>

OC代码：

 1 /** webView发送请求之前都会调用，可以拦截请求，选择加载（返回YES）还是不加载（返回NO）*/ 2 - (BOOL)webView:(UIWebView *)webView shouldStartLoadWithRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request navigationType:(UIWebViewNavigationType)navigationType { 3     4     // 拦截请求 5     NSString *urlStr = request.URL.absoluteString; 6     NSRange range = [urlStr rangeOfString:@"ios://"]; 7     8     // 如果是ios请求 9     if (range.length != 0) {10         // 方法名11         NSString *method = [urlStr substringFromIndex:range.location + range.length];12        13         // 包装SEL14         SEL selector = NSSelectorFromString(method);15        16         // 执行方法17         [self performSelector:selector withObject:nil];18     }19    20     return YES;21 }22 23 /** 打开相册 */24 - (void) openAlbum {25     // 创建一个相片选择控制器26     UIImagePickerController *imagePC = [[UIImagePickerController alloc] init];27     [imagePC setSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary]; // 使用相册来源28    29     [self presentViewController:imagePC animated:YES completion:^{30         NSLog(@"呼出相册");31     }];32 }